Classification of Programming Languages

Scripting languages (Perl, Python, JavaScript, VBScript)
Non-scripting languages (C, C++, C#, VB.NET, Java)

Types of Programming Languages
Job control languages and shells
Unix shell / MS-DOS COMMAND.COM/ Apple Script

GUI scripting
automate multiple user actions - "macros" / OS dependent

Application-specific languages
QuakeC,  Emacs Lisp

Web browser based
JavaScript; VBScript , XSLT (XML), AJAX

Text processing languages
Unix (AWK, sed, grep)

General-purpose dynamic languages
TCL/ Python, Perl

Extension/embeddable languages
Action Script, python for GIMP , Adobe Acrobat (for scripting PDF files).
Python for Blender

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_programming_languages